Magnetohydrodynamic hybrid simulation model with kinetic thermal ions and energetic particles

Abstract A new kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic hybrid simulation model where the gyrokinetic particle-in-cell is applied to both thermal ions and energetic particles presented. Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) destabilized by in tokamak plasmas are simulated with model. Energy channeling from through (AEs) demonstrated simulation. The distribution function fluctuations resonance condition analyzed for ions. strong energy transfer between AE particle transport occur when following conditions satisfied at location phase space: (1) poloidal number close mode of AE, (2) has a substantial amplitude, (3) gradient along E ? = const. line, $E^{^{\prime}}$?> conserved variable wave-particle interaction. While consistent TAEs, do not satisfy bulk plasma beta 1%. This indicates that does play an important role interaction TAE relatively low temperature. On other hand, 4%, TAEs become leading Landau damping.